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Form 4 KCSE Physics revision questions and answers on X-rays with video explanations
a)X-rays are used for detecting cracks inside metal beams
i. State the type of the Xrays used
ii) Give a reason for your answer in (i) above
b)Figure 13 shows the features of an X-ray tube
i)Name the parts labelled A and B
ii. Explain how a change in potential across PQ changes the intensity of the X-rays produced in the tube.
iii) During the operation of the tube, the target becomes very hot. Explain how this heat is caused.
iv) What property of lead makes it suitable for use as shielding material?
c) In a certain X-ray tube, the electron are accelerated by a p.d of 1200V.Assuming all the energy goes to produce Xrays,
determine the frequency of the X-rays produced. (Planks constant h = #6.62 times 10^-34#Js and charge on electron, e =#1.6 times 10^-19#C)
i. State the type of the Xrays used
ii) Give a reason for your answer in (i) above
b)Figure 13 shows the features of an X-ray tube
i)Name the parts labelled A and B
ii. Explain how a change in potential across PQ changes the intensity of the X-rays produced in the tube.
iii) During the operation of the tube, the target becomes very hot. Explain how this heat is caused.
iv) What property of lead makes it suitable for use as shielding material?
c) In a certain X-ray tube, the electron are accelerated by a p.d of 1200V.Assuming all the energy goes to produce Xrays,
determine the frequency of the X-rays produced. (Planks constant h = #6.62 times 10^-34#Js and charge on electron, e =#1.6 times 10^-19#C)
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Questions/Lessons on this topic:
1. Name the metal used to shield X-rays operators from the radiation. Give a reason why it is used. (video)
2. State one industrial use of Xrays. (video)
3. State the energy transformation when fast moving electrons are suddenly stopped by a target in an X-ray tube. (video)
4. State and explain the effect of increasing the E.H.T in an X-ray tube on the X-rays produced. (video)
5. State the factor that determines the hardness of the X-rays produced in an X-ray tube. (video)
6. State the property of X-rays, which makes it possible to detect cracks in bones. (video)
7. Give a reason why the target in an X-ray tube is made of tungsten or molybdenum. (video)
8. State one difference between hard and soft X-rays. (video)
9. The target of X-ray tube is made of metals of high melting point. Give a reason for this. (video)
10. State with a reason the effect of the X-rays produced in an X-ray tube, when the p.d across the tube is increased. (video)
11. The accelerating of a certain X-ray tube is increased. State the change observed on the X-rays produced. (video)
12. a)X-rays are used for detecting cracks inside metal beams i. State the type of the Xrays used ii) Give a reason for your answer in (i) above b)Figure 13 shows the features of an X-ray tube i)Name the parts labelled A and B ii. Explain how a change in potential across PQ changes the intensity of the X-rays produced in the tube. iii) During the operation of the tube, the target becomes very hot. (video)
13. In an x-ray tube it is observed that the intensity of X-rays increases when potential difference across the filament is increased. Explain this observation. (video)
14. An X-ray tube produces soft x-rays. State the adjustments that may be made so that the tube produces hard X-rays. (video)
15. Figure 18 shows parts of an X-ray tube. a) Explain why: i. A potential difference is applied to the filament. ii. A high potential difference is applied between a cathode and the anode iii. Most of the tube is surrounded by lead. b) State how the resulting X-rays are affected by increasing the potential difference between the anode and the cathode. (video)
16. Figure 5 shows a narrow beam of X-rays passing between two metal plates in air. The plates are connected in series with a switch, a cell and a milliammeter. It is observed that when the switch is closed a current flows in the milliammeter. Explain this observation (video)
17. The anode of an X-ray tube becomes hot when the tube is in use. State the reason for this. (video)
18. State how the intensity of Xrays in an X-ray tube can be increased. (video)
19. What are the properties of x-rays? (video)
20. What are the dangers of x-rays (video)
1. Name the metal used to shield X-rays operators from the radiation. Give a reason why it is used. (video)
2. State one industrial use of Xrays. (video)
3. State the energy transformation when fast moving electrons are suddenly stopped by a target in an X-ray tube. (video)
4. State and explain the effect of increasing the E.H.T in an X-ray tube on the X-rays produced. (video)
5. State the factor that determines the hardness of the X-rays produced in an X-ray tube. (video)
6. State the property of X-rays, which makes it possible to detect cracks in bones. (video)
7. Give a reason why the target in an X-ray tube is made of tungsten or molybdenum. (video)
8. State one difference between hard and soft X-rays. (video)
9. The target of X-ray tube is made of metals of high melting point. Give a reason for this. (video)
10. State with a reason the effect of the X-rays produced in an X-ray tube, when the p.d across the tube is increased. (video)
11. The accelerating of a certain X-ray tube is increased. State the change observed on the X-rays produced. (video)
12. a)X-rays are used for detecting cracks inside metal beams i. State the type of the Xrays used ii) Give a reason for your answer in (i) above b)Figure 13 shows the features of an X-ray tube i)Name the parts labelled A and B ii. Explain how a change in potential across PQ changes the intensity of the X-rays produced in the tube. iii) During the operation of the tube, the target becomes very hot. (video)
13. In an x-ray tube it is observed that the intensity of X-rays increases when potential difference across the filament is increased. Explain this observation. (video)
14. An X-ray tube produces soft x-rays. State the adjustments that may be made so that the tube produces hard X-rays. (video)
15. Figure 18 shows parts of an X-ray tube. a) Explain why: i. A potential difference is applied to the filament. ii. A high potential difference is applied between a cathode and the anode iii. Most of the tube is surrounded by lead. b) State how the resulting X-rays are affected by increasing the potential difference between the anode and the cathode. (video)
16. Figure 5 shows a narrow beam of X-rays passing between two metal plates in air. The plates are connected in series with a switch, a cell and a milliammeter. It is observed that when the switch is closed a current flows in the milliammeter. Explain this observation (video)
17. The anode of an X-ray tube becomes hot when the tube is in use. State the reason for this. (video)
18. State how the intensity of Xrays in an X-ray tube can be increased. (video)
19. What are the properties of x-rays? (video)
20. What are the dangers of x-rays (video)
